Recurrent Pregnancy Loss (RPL)
Recurrent Pregnancy Loss (RPL) is defined as two or more clinical pregnancy losses before 20 weeks of gestation. RPL is clinically distinct from isolated early pregnancy loss: a single loss is common and often attributable to sporadic chromosomal error, while recurrent loss warrants systematic evaluation for treatable maternal and paternal contributors. Assessment includes peripheral karyotype analysis of both partners, antiphospholipid antibody testing, uterine anatomical evaluation (SHG, HSG, or hysteroscopy), thyroid and prolactin screening, and evaluation for hereditary thrombophilias. RRM pursues identification of underlying conditions including hormonal (progesterone deficiency, thyroid dysfunction), anatomical (isthmocele, septum, fibroids), immunologic (APS, NK cell activity), and metabolic factors. RPL affects an estimated 2 to 5% of couples attempting pregnancy.12
Cited in this entry
- Evaluation and treatment of recurrent pregnancy loss. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22835448/
- ESHRE guideline: recurrent pregnancy loss. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6276652/
Discussed in
Research library
- Cost-effectiveness analysis of preimplantation genetic screening and in vitro fertilization versus expectant management in patients with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss
- A nomogram and risk stratification to predict subsequent pregnancy loss in patients with recurrent pregnancy loss
- Hydroxychloroquine in recurrent pregnancy loss: data from a French prospective multicenter registry
- Evaluation and treatment of recurrent pregnancy loss: a committee opinion
- Increased prevalence of insulin resistance in women with a history of recurrent pregnancy loss
This content is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Consult an RRM clinician or healthcare provider for guidance specific to your situation.