Fallopian Tube Anatomy Reference

By RRM Academy Reviewed by Dr. Naomi Whittaker, MD, Board-Certified OBGYN, MIGS, NFPMC, FCI Updated May 14, 2026

The fallopian tube is a paired muscular and ciliated structure, roughly 10 to 12 centimeters in length, connecting each ovary to the uterine cavity and serving as the site of fertilization and early embryo transport.¹² Its function depends on intact mucosal cilia, coordinated muscular contractions, and normal secretory activity across all four anatomic segments.

Each segment has a distinct clinical role. The interstitial segment passes through the uterine wall and is the narrowest portion, relevant in proximal occlusion. The isthmic segment is narrow, approximately 3 centimeters, and is the preferred anastomosis site after mid-segment sterilization because of its favorable tissue characteristics. The ampullary segment is the widest and longest portion and the primary site of fertilization; it is also the most common location for ectopic pregnancy. The infundibulum and fimbriae form the open distal end, capturing the released ovum at ovulation; fimbrial damage is the primary cause of hydrosalpinx.²

Ciliated epithelium throughout the tube actively drives ovum transport toward the uterus. Loss of ciliation from infection, inflammatory disease, or endometriosis impairs transport even when the tube appears patent on imaging. Patency and function are not the same finding.

This content is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Consult an RRM clinician or healthcare provider for guidance specific to your situation.